In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, Spain and its empire experienced a "Golden Age" become part of the legend, all forms of art blossoming out gloriously, while the Iberian political power began a perceptible decline. If she was not deaf to the sirens of the great Franco-Flemish polyphony in the sixteenth century, Iberian music, however, managed to retain an irreducible identity, reaching heights of sophistication without forgetting its popular roots: the Narvaez or Hidalgo composers made themselves admirable champions. Two artists literally breathing the music guide us in an exciting exploration.